The cost of compressed gas energy storage

How efficient is compressed CO2 energy storage?

A new compressed CO 2 energy storage assisted by flexible gas holder is given. The efficiency and levelized cost of electricity are 71 % and 0.1252 $/kWh. Charge and discharge pressures are suggested as 8 and 6 MPa, respectively. Turbomachineries are provided with the 68.18 % share of overall exergy destruction.

How long does an energy storage system last?

The 2020 Cost and Performance Assessment analyzed energy storage systems from 2 to 10 hours. The 2022 Cost and Performance Assessment analyzes storage system at additional 24- and 100-hour durations.

Which energy storage technologies are included in the 2020 cost and performance assessment?

The 2020 Cost and Performance Assessment provided installed costs for six energy storage technologies: lithium-ion (Li-ion) batteries, lead-acid batteries, vanadium redox flow batteries, pumped storage hydro, compressed-air energy storage, and hydrogen energy storage.

What is a high-pressure liquid CO2 storage system?

The CLS storing high-pressure liquid CO 2 only has the ratio of 27.25 %, which is very different than that in the system with high-pressure gas storage where the storage tank or cavern has a very high proportion in the total investment. In addition, the gas holder has a low investment proportion of 14.59 % although its possesses a large volume.

How is compressed CO2 stored?

Specifically, the compressed CO 2 is directly cooled down to liquid phase by ambient water and then stored in an artificial CLS. The inlet and outlet ports of CLS are both arranged with valves to sustain the steady operation of the system charging and discharging processes.

How efficient is a CCES with gas holder?

Thereby, the CCES with gas holder possesses a rather high efficiency at 71 %, which is the largest value in the reported studies in the area of CCES systems. Profited by high efficiency, the CO 2 mass flow rate of a 10 MW/80MWh CCES system is only 42.07 kg/s. Furthermore, the volume of the high pressure liquid CO 2 storage is just 2142 m 3.