Technical indicators for energy storage bidding

Can energy storage be used in a combined bidding strategy?

In the day-ahead market, the energy storage helps the wind farm to pursue a higher profit, while in the real-time market, the deviation of power prediction was considered. With the development of power-to-gas (P2G) technology, hydrogen energy storage, another form of energy storage, can also be applied in a combined bidding strategy .

What data do we need to build a suitable bidding strategy?

Data on the electricity market and the power systems are needed for building a suitable bidding strategy. Commonly, the predicted output of the REPPs, the available capacity of flexible resources, the predicted load demands, and the predicted market prices are given in the existing literature.

How do bidding strategies control market risk caused by renewable power output uncertainty?

Based on this assumption, the bidding strategies often focus on effectively controlling the market risk caused by renewable power output uncertainty. In , it was described as a risk if the revenue of a wind farm was less than the target, modeled using chance-constrained programming.

How is the bidding strategy implemented?

The bidding strategy is implemented on the real-time price signals of Fig. 4 (the average of ten MCS) and is tabulated in Table 2. In this table, the two-level bids (one for energy and one for FRP) when the FRU or FRD prices are greater than 0.5$/MWh are demonstrated.

Can pumped storage power stations be used in combined bidding?

Pumped storage power stations are controllable with the characteristic of energy storage. It can be employed in combined bidding with REPPs, improving the flexibility of market bidding. In , it was pointed out that the combined bidding of wind power and pumped storage had good applicability in insular power systems.

When should a bid be greater than the energy capacity?

According to Fig. 3, the bid should be greater than with the energy capacity equal to in order to approach an optimal energy purchase. The FRU will be enabled if the ESS submits a bid with power level equal to the desired FRU value and a price between and .