How big a vehicle is needed to transport energy storage batteries

How many miles can a lithium ion battery run?

LIBs have one of the highest energy densities (250–693 Wh/L and 100–265 Wh/kg) of current battery technology, but it is still significantly less that of gasoline. Thus, a large amount of batteries is required to reach 200–300 miles driving range.

How many batteries are needed to increase driving range?

Thus, a large amount of batteries is required to reach 200–300 miles driving range. As the energy densities of LIBs head toward a saturation limit, 2 next-generation batteries (with energy densities >750 Wh/L and >350 Wh/kg) that are beyond LIBs are needed to further increase driving range more effectively.

How far do batteries travel by truck?

The study assumes that batteries travel 4023 km (2500 miles) by truck to reach their destination. Freight trucking contributes 99% of human health damages from particulate matter (PM), 54% of SO2 damages, and 62% of total volatile organic compound (VOC) damages.

How much does it cost to transport a battery?

The transportation cost for a Chevrolet Volt battery (500 lbs) from Detroit to Lancaster, OH is $2.50 per pound. This cost is quoted from the USPS large freight and hazardous materials division. Transportation is assumed to be 40% of variable costs for recycling, which also include collection and processing.

Will batteries be transported by truck?

Currently, electric vehicle lithium-ion batteries are transported by truck. However, rail transport would have a significantly lower environmental impact. While transport via freight truck is the standard practice today, it is not required by law in the United States.

Can a battery pack be transported together?

Ensure batteries cannot move in their packaging,84 whether by using non-combustible cushioning material inside inner packaging or strapping if attaching batteries to a pallet. Multiple battery packs can be transported together provided that none have been assessed as damaged or compromised; and the batteries are all of the same chemistry type.