Thermal energy storage steel

What is a thermal energy storage system?

The storage system simulated in this work ( Fig. 1 .) is a horizontal thermal energy storage filled with the electric arc furnace ( EAF) slag as thermal energy storage material ( TESM) and dry air as heat transfer fluid ( HTF ). Fig. 1. Schematic view of the system designed for WHR.

Can thermal energy storage be used to recover massive and intermittent waste heat?

Implementing thermal energy storage for the recovery of massive and intermittent waste heat represents crucial milestone for energy-intensive sectors such as iron and steel industry. However, the constraints related to current available sensible heat storage systems remain a barrier for their deployment.

What are the requirements for thermal energy storage materials?

The International Energy Agency (IEA) has set thermal, chemical, mechanical, and economic performance requirements for thermal energy storage (TES) materials, including low cost, large-scale availability, absence of use conflicts, stable resistance to high temperatures (up to 1000 °C), compatibility with heat-transfer fluids, and non-toxicity.

Can slag be used as thermal energy in steelmaking?

Starting this year, thermal energy researchers in Spain’s Basque Country will test the use of slag as thermal energy storage within the steelmaking process, to cut the use of fossil fuel for heat for the world’s largest steel producer, Arcelor Mittal.

Is slag good for thermal storage?

But ceramic materials like this are good candidates for thermal storage, in slag pebbles of between 1 and 3 cm. Slag has a specific heat capacity of 810 kJ/kg·K and density of 3980 kg/m3. “We have constructed a 1MWh thermal energy storage tank in Arcelor Mittal steelworks in Sestao, in Spain, that will start its operation at the end of February.

Is thermal energy storage a viable alternative?

However, although the interest of the scientific and industrial community in this thermal energy storage alternative is increasing, there is still a lack of a clear technology viability demonstration at a relevant scale. This is one of the main barriers this technology is facing to reach a complete deployment at commercial level.