Concept of hydrogen storage tank

Why is hydrogen storage important?

This transition highlights the critical role of hydrogen storage technology, where hydrogen tanks are crucial for achieving cleaner energy solutions. This paper aims to provide a general overview of hydrogen treatment from a mechanical viewpoint, and to create a comprehensive review that integrates the concepts of hydrogen safety and storage.

What is included in a hydrogen storage tank review?

The review also discusses design technologies, safety measures, material improvements, social impacts, and the regulatory landscape of hydrogen storage tanks and safety technology.

What is liquid hydrogen storage?

One method involves Liquid Hydrogen (LH 2) storage, where hydrogen is liquefied at temperatures below 20 K, significantly increasing its density. This method offers high volumetric capacity and lower system costs, but requires high energy for liquefaction and suffers from fuel losses due to boil-off [23, 24].

How does a liquid hydrogen tank work?

The ambient pressure required to store liquid hydrogen minimises the need for thick tank walls, and thus reduces the specific tank weight which is defined as the tank weight to store 1 kg of hydrogen, to about 11.5 kg. The liquid form storage also allows easy transportation and easy fuel refilling for cars.

What type of storage tank is used for hydrogen liquefaction?

Storage is at low pressures so rather thin and cheap storage tanks can be used. In the liquid form hydrogen is non-corrosive and stainless steel and aluminum alloy vessels with sufficient insulation are used for the cryogenic storage. However, the cost of liquefaction is high so is the energy used for the liquefaction [1, 9, 18].

Can hydrogen storage tanks be used for fuel cell electric vehicles?

One of the promising applications of hydrogen is the fuel for fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs). In this review paper, different hydrogen storage tanks and the manufacturing methods of the associated aluminium alloy liners are discussed. Some key conclusions are summarised: 1.