What are the tower crane energy storage models

How to save energy on a single RTG crane system?

These strategies are developed to save energy on a single RTG crane system by employing recovered potential energy that has been generated during the lowering of the containers to charge the ESS and discharge it when the crane is lifting the containers , , , , , , , , , .

What are the optimal energy control studies for RTG cranes?

The optimal energy control studies for RTG cranes in , concentrate only on using recovery energy to increase energy saving in a single RTG crane system in an objective function without considering the crane prediction demand and electricity costs as an input to the ESS control strategy.

How much does a RTG crane cost a year?

According to data provided by technical staff at the Port of Felixstowe and the energy cost analysis of RTG crane in , the annual electricity energy cost for a network of two RTG cranes is around £20,442. Fig. 12 presents the annual electricity energy cost saving in all the proposed control strategies.

How to reduce the energy cost of the network of cranes?

In addition, reduction in the energy cost of the network of cranes is achieved by finding the optimal operation of the ESS based on the time-of-use electricity price. The electricity tariff from 07:00 until midnight is higher than the period of tariff during the rest of the day so it is beneficially to uses the tariff changes to minimise the cost.

How to control a RTG crane with an ESS?

Commonly, the control strategies for a RTG crane equipped with an ESS have mainly focused on using conventional set-point control strategy that use a reference value of voltage , State of Charge (SoC) or power to charge and discharge the energy storage device.

What is the MPC scheme for RTG cranes with the ESS?

Outline of the MPC scheme for the network of RTG cranes with the ESS. The minimum cost function for the MPC controller, is described in (8), and has previously been applied by the authors to optimise the energy of an ESS by generating a control signal to minimise the peak demand and electricity energy cost .