Principle of hydrogen production by iron-nickel battery energy storage

What is a hydrogen gas battery?

Iron–hydrogen gas battery delivers a high current rate of 60 mA and an ultra-stable cycling life of over 20000 cycles. Rechargeable hydrogen gas batteries are attracting great interest for emerging large-scale energy storage owing to their fast charge/discharge rates and excellent stability.

What is an iron–hydrogen gas battery?

An iron–hydrogen gas battery is reported by pairing a low-cost liquid cathode and a Pt-catalyzed hydrogen gas anode. Iron–hydrogen gas battery exhibits high energy efficiency of 93% with discharge voltage of 1.29 V at a current of 10 mA.

Can a nickel-hydrogen battery be used for grid storage?

The attractive characteristics of the conventional nickel-hydrogen battery inspire us to explore advanced nickel-hydrogen battery with low cost to achieve the United States Department of Energy (DOE) target of $100 kWh −1 for grid storage (14), which is highly desirable yet very challenging.

How is a Ni-H Battery made?

The fabrication and energy storage mechanism of the Ni-H battery is schematically depicted in Fig. 1A. It is constructed in a custom-made cylindrical cell by rolling Ni(OH)2 cathode, poly- mer separator, and NiMoCo-catalyzed anode into a steel vessel, similar to the fabrication of commercial AA batteries.

Are advanced Ni-H2 batteries a promising battery chemistry for grid-scale energy storage?

In recent years, with the extensive exploration of inexpensive hydrogen evolution/oxidation reaction catalysts, advanced Ni–H 2 batteries have been revived as promising battery chemistry for grid-scale energy storage applications.

How much does a nickel-hydrogen battery cost?

The nickel-hydrogen battery exhibits an energy density of ∼140 Wh kg −1 in aqueous electrolyte and excellent rechargeability without capacity decay over 1,500 cycles. The estimated cost of the nickel-hydrogen battery reaches as low as ∼$83 per kilowatt-hour, demonstrating attractive potential for practical large-scale energy storage.