Energy storage element equation

Is energy storage a static or memory-less function?

Note that although we will use energy storage elements to describe dynamic behavior, this constitutive equation is a static or memory-less function. The constitutive equation permits us to evaluate the generalized potential energy, Ep For this element, potential energy is a function of displacement alone.

Why do we need to know about dependent energy storage elements?

This is a typical consequence of dependent energy storage elements and, as one might expect, in more complex systems the algebraic manipulations can become formidable, even prohibitively so. It would be useful to know about dependent energy-storage elements before attempting to derive equations. How may we do so?

Does every energy storage element have a state variable?

In the foregoing examples we found that one state variable was associated with the energy stored in each energy storage element. Will every energy storage element give rise to an unique state variable? Not necessarily, as we will see below when we consider two energy storage elements of the same type connected by a simple junction.

Which energy storage element can be described using an integration operator?

Every energy-storage element which can be described using an integration operator should be. It will require one initial condition to determine its constant of integration, and therefore will give rise to one state variable; energy storage elements which have integral causality are independent.

What are the two energy storage mechanical elements?

The two energy storage mechanical elements can have initial conditions that need to be taken into account in the analysis. A mass can have an initial velocity, which will clearly produce a force, and a spring can have a nonzero rest length, which also produces a force.

What is a multiple energy-storage elements converter?

Both groups converters consist of multiple energy-storage elements: two elements, three elements, or four elements. These energy-storage elements are passive parts: inductors and capacitors. They can be connected in series or parallel in various methods. In full statistics, the circuits of the multiple energy-storage elements converters are: