Who pays for peak-valley arbitrage of industrial and commercial energy storage

What is Peak-Valley arbitrage?

The peak-valley arbitrage is the main profit mode of distributed energy storage system at the user side (Zhao et al., 2022). The peak-valley price ratio adopted in domestic and foreign time-of-use electricity price is mostly 3–6 times, and even reach 8–10 times in emergency cases.

How does reserve capacity affect peak-valley arbitrage income?

However, when the proportion of reserve capacity continues to increase, the increase of reactive power compensation income is not obvious and the active output of converter is limited, which reduces the income of peak-valley arbitrage and thus the overall income is decreased.

Does distributed energy storage system provide reactive power compensation?

1) A revenue model of distributed energy storage system is proposed to provide reactive power compensation, renewable energy consumption and peak-valley arbitrage services. An additional electricity pricing model of distributed energy storage system to provide reactive power compensation for users is formulated.

Can integrated photovoltaic and solar energy storage systems shave peak load?

The integrated photovoltaic and solar industrial and commercial energy storage system can shave peak load through PV installations. In this way, not only the utilization rate of photovoltaic power can be improved, but also the normal production can be ensured even in the power limit time.

What is Peak-Valley price ratio?

The peak-valley price ratio adopted in domestic and foreign time-of-use electricity price is mostly 3–6 times, and even reach 8–10 times in emergency cases. It is generally believed that when the peak-valley price difference transcends 0.7 CNY/kWh, the energy storage will have the peak-valley arbitrage profit space (Li and Li, 2022).

How can energy storage benefit large industrial consumers in East China?

Adopting an energy storage system with an installed capacity of 500 kW/1,000 kWh built in 10 kV large industrial consumers in east China as a case, the energy storage operators and users share the economic benefits from renewable energy accommodation and peak-valley arbitrage according to the ratio of 8:2.