Load following control of energy storage device

How do you quantify the energy storage potential of load control?

To continue the energy storage device analogy discussed in the introduction, one can quantify the storage potential of this type of load control by computing the maximum cumulative energy consumed before or after it would have been in steady state conditions.

Can thermostatically controlled loads serve as virtual storage devices?

This paper demonstrates that populations of thermostatically controlled loads can be collectively managed to serve as virtual storage devices that follow variability in generation from renewable electricity generators (or in demand from other loads).

How do we control loads?

In contrast, the emphasis of this paper is on controlling loads to produce relatively short time scale responses (hourly to sub-hourly), and the control signal is applied by manipulation of temperature set points, possibly via programmable communicating thermostats or advanced metering infrastructure.

Can TCLs deliver services on both regulation and Load scales?

The simulation results here indicate that TCLs can be used to deliver services on both the regulation and load following time scales, and that each controlled load provides the equivalent of a storage device with 0.5 kWh of energy capacity and 0.75 kW of power capacity.

What is the collective dynamic response of Thermostatically Controlled Loads (TCLs)?

Aggregated populations of thermostatically controlled loads (TCLs) can exhibit large collective dynamic responses in power demand when subjected to a common control signal. This is perhaps most well-known in the context of “cold load pickup,” which occurs at the conclusion of a service interruption .

Is load control sufficient to balance higher frequency oscillations in wind plant output?

The similarity between the errors before and after control suggests that the load control scheme is sufficient to balance the higher frequency (i.e., sub-four hour moving average) oscillations in wind plant output, and that no additional modifications to system operation in this domain would be required to accommodate the wind plant output.