Pumped hydropower storage is a new type of energy storage

Hydropower is a renewable energy source that generates electricity by harnessing the energy of flowing water. Pumped storage hydropower (PSH) is a specific type of hydropower that acts as a form of energy storage, allowing excess electricity generated during low demand periods to be stored by pumping water to a higher elevation. When demand increases, the stored water is released to generate electricity, thus providing grid stability and reliability2. PSH currently accounts for over 90% of global storage capacity, making it a crucial component in balancing renewable energy sources like wind and solar3. While it offers significant advantages, such as energy management and reliability, it also has some disadvantages, including environmental impacts and high initial costs4. Pumped storage hydropower (PSH) is a form of clean energy storage that is ideal for electricity grid reliability and stability. PSH complements wind and solar by storing the excess electricity they create and providing the backup for when the wind isn’t blowing, and the sun. Open-loop pumped storage hydropower systems connect a reservoir to a naturally flowing water feature via a tunnel, using a turbine/pump and generator/motor to move water and create electricity. Pumped storage hydropower (PSH) currently accounts for over 90% of storage capacity and stored energy in grid scale applications globally. The current storage volume of PSH stations is at least 9,000 GWh, whereas batteries amount to just 7-8 GWh. Emerging as a big player in renewable energy, pumped storage hydropower has many advantages and disadvantages. By using water from reservoirs and harnessing the power of gravity, pumped storage hydropower offers a dynamic solution to energy management.