Energy storage thermal management liquid cooling

What are the different types of battery thermal management system (BTMS)?

Currently, battery thermal management system (BTMS) is often divided into air cooling, liquid cooling, phase change cooling, heat pipe cooling, and hybrid types in terms of heat transfer method , , , , .

Can liquid cooling dissipate heat without thermal resistance?

Based on heat transfer way between working medium and LIBs, liquid cooling is often classified into direct contact and indirect contact . Although direct contact can dissipate battery heat without thermal resistance, its adoption is still limited by immature issues, such as immersion system sealing and coolant modification .

What is a liquid based cold plate?

For a liquid-based cold plate, the primary goal is to maximize the heat transfer rate and minimize the flow resistance through optimizing the channel structure. In addition, thermal uniformity is another key factor, which cannot be neglected for battery thermal management.

Why is thermal management important?

In this context, thermal management is needed to maintain battery temperature and thermal uniformity without consuming significant power. However, conventional cooling plates are usually built via trial-and-error methods, which suffer from trade-off problem between thermal performance and flow resistance.

How does m in affect heat exchange between channel wall and coolant?

Higher m in can enhance the heat exchange between channel wall and flowing coolant. As mentioned above, minimum temperature is dominated by convective heat transfer at near-wall regions, while maximum temperature is mainly affected by conductive heat transfer inside batteries.

What is the optimal thermal management strategy for Pareto front derived from NSGA-II?

An optimal solution is obtained using TOPSIS decision-making strategy for the Pareto front derived from NSGA-Ⅱ. Eventually, the thermal management performance of TOCP, SCCP, STCP, and HTCP is discussed and compared based on electrochemical-hydrodynamic-thermal coupled model.